An independent healthcare professional or a multidisciplinary team from a multi-professional health center, a care network, a hospital, a medico-social establishment, a medico-educational facility, a nursing home, a prevention center, an occupational health service, a school/university service, or a palliative care service can select one or more NPI to integrate into an individual's personalized health pathway. This applies to individuals facing loss of autonomy (e.g., a frail person over 90 years old), at increased risk of illness (e.g., a smoker), living with a disability (e.g., loss of autonomy due to paraplegia), or suffering from an illness (e.g., a neurodegenerative disease). Given that health issues are now multifactorial and complex, the solutions available to improve each person's health are diverse and depend on local availability. Multiple NPI can be offered in prevention, care, and support by a physician, any authorized healthcare professional (e.g., pharmacist, nurse, midwife, physiotherapist), or a team. They are cataloged in a centralized digital platform, the NPI Registry. These NPI complement other health solutions provided at various points in a person's life journey (e.g., medication, medical devices, hospitalization, social assistance). They evolve over time based on the individual's health status, fragility, and needs (Figure 4).

Indeed, the NPI Registry contributes to the development of precision medicine. For example, how can we advance this field in the non-pharmacological treatment of pain without confusing patients when a prestigious medical school like Stanford publishes such a vague, incomplete, and unranked list on its website?

• Physical activity
• Acupressure
• Acupuncture
• Application of heat or cold
• Aquatherapy
• Art therapy
• Biofeedback
• Family coaching
• Individual coaching
• Psychological conditioning
• Desensitization
• Therapeutic education
• Occupational therapy
• Horticultural therapy
• Hypnosis
• Physiotherapy
• Massage lotions
• Meditation
• Music therapy
• Posturology
• Companion presence
• Psychosocial support
• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
• Comfort therapy
• Theatre therapy
• Psychosocial therapy
• Tonification and strengthening
• Yoga

How many hopes dashed? How much time wasted? How many futile efforts? How much money squandered? How many unnecessary carbon emissions from transport? This subtly highlights pharmacological treatments and pain surgeries, which have precise contents and proven effects. The NPIS and its partners propose a solution to break this deadlock in favor of those affected by health issues. The goal is to provide reliable information on the most relevant NPI. It is also about no longer opposing pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies, but rather associating them wisely and at the right time.

PSYCHOSOCIAL DOMINANCE

Psychotherapies:

• Cognitive Stimulation Therapy for memory strategies in Alzheimer’s disease in 14 sessions by a psychologist in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR-BC) program against anxiety during cancer treatments in 8 group sessions by a clinical psychologist, psychiatrist, or physician in an oncology department, a patient association, a private practice, a health center, or a healthcare facility.
• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic pain in 9 group sessions by a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) in 6-8 individual sessions, either remote or in-person, by a neuropsychologist, clinical psychologist, psychiatrist, or neurologist in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• Now I Can Do Heights program using virtual reality to treat acrophobia (fear of heights) by a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist in a private practice or health center.

Health Prevention Programs:

• Living Well with COPD therapeutic education program against symptoms and exacerbations of COPD over 2 months with 4 sessions, in-person or remote, by a nurse, physician, or pharmacist in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• CHESS Method (Chronic Headache Education and Self-management) for migraine self-management by a nurse or physician in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• MyFriend Youth Program for preventing anxiety and depression among students aged 12 to 15 years, 10 sessions by a school psychologist or school nurse in an educational institution.
• Spiegel Hypnotherapy Method specialized in smoking cessation in 3 sessions by a psychologist, nurse, physician, or hypnotherapist in a private practice, healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression (CBT-d) by a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.

CORPOREAL DOMINANCE

Physiotherapy Protocols:

• McKenzie Method for back pain by a physiotherapist in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) program by a midwife or physiotherapist in a health center or private practice.
• Rehabilitation program following hip prosthesis in 6 to 10 sessions by a physiotherapist in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.

Adapted Physical Activity Programs:

• Dance Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease addressing psychological symptoms of Parkinson’s by a physical activity instructor in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• Re-exercise program at ventilatory threshold against dyspnea caused by COPD by a physical activity instructor or physiotherapist in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• Anti-fatigue APA program during treatments for breast, prostate, or colon cancer by a physical activity instructor in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.

Thermal Treatments:

• Specialized thermal cure for gonarthrosis by a physiotherapist or thermal agent in a thermal facility.

NUTRITIONAL DOMINANCE

• Gluten-free diet for celiac disease by a dietitian in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.
• FODMAP diet for gastrointestinal disorders by a dietitian in a healthcare facility, health center, or private practice.

Accessible Protocols in Consultation

• Enhanced Quality and Safety: Strengthens the quality and safety of existing practices through formalization, harmonization, and securitization.
• Integration with Professional Software: Codified NPI can be integrated into healthcare management software.
• Digital Documentation: Access to documentation from computers, tablets, or smartphones for ease of use.
• Broad Validation: Extends validation to all relevant professionals in the region.
• Quick and Easy Access: Facilitates rapid access to information at critical decision-making moments for prevention and care.
• Simplicity in Tracking: Eases the follow-up and evolutionary process of best implementation practices (e.g., identifying barriers, professional leadership, availability of training and support).

Quality Control and Adherence to Protocols

• Traceability: Utilizes unique coded protocols for tracking.
• Strengthened Care Link: Enhances the relationship between care provision and patient support.
• Monitoring Relevant Indicators: Provides tools for tracking key performance indicators.
• Continuous Education Tool: Serves as a resource for ongoing professional development.
• Regular Updates: Incorporates regular updates based on user feedback.

Means of Valuation

• Response to Identified Multidisciplinary Issues: Addresses problems identified by healthcare teams in a specific territory.
• Extended Roles for Various Professionals: Expands the roles of many professionals, particularly non-physicians.
• Elimination of Ineffective Protocols: Phases out protocols that are ineffective, hazardous, or costly.
• Reduction in Meeting Time: Decreases the need for multiple meetings focused on intervention planning.
• Support for Innovation: Encourages professionals to experiment with new practices, boosting their confidence.
• Financial Valuation: Ensures appropriate financial and resource allocation for effective implementation.